Introduction to operating systems, System structures: What operating systems do; Computer System organization; Computer System architecture; Operating System structure; Operating System operations; Process management; Memory management; Storage management; Protection and Security; Distributed system; Special-purpose systems; Computing environments.

Operating System Services: User - Operating System interface; System calls; Types of system calls; System programs; Operating system design and implementation; Operating System structure; Virtual machines; Operating System debugging, Operating System generation; System boot.

Textbook 1: Chapter – 1 (1.1-1.12), 2 (2.2-2.11)

Process Management: Process concept; Process scheduling; Operations on processes; Inter process communication

Multi-threaded Programming: Overview; Multithreading models; Thread Libraries; Threading issues.

Process Scheduling: Basic concepts; Scheduling Criteria; Scheduling Algorithms; Thread scheduling; Multiple-processor scheduling,

Textbook 1: Chapter – 3 (3.1-3.4), 4 (4.1-4.4), 5 (5.1 -5.5)

Process Synchronization: Synchronization: The critical section problem; Peterson’s solution; Synchronization hardware; Semaphores; Classical problems of synchronization;

Deadlocks: System model; Deadlock characterization; Methods for handling deadlocks; Deadlock prevention; Deadlock avoidance; Deadlock detection and recovery from deadlock.

Textbook 1: Chapter – 6 (6.1-6.6), 7 (7.1 -7.7)

Memory Management: Memory management strategies: Background; Swapping; Contiguous memory allocation; Paging; Structure of page table; Segmentation.

Virtual Memory Management: Background; Demand paging; Copy-on-write; Page replacement; Allocation of frames; Thrashing.

Textbook 1: Chapter -8 (8.1-8.6), 9 (9.1-9.6)

File System, Implementation of File System: File system: File concept; Access methods; Directory and Disk structure; File system mounting; File sharing; Implementing File system: File system structure; File system implementation; Directory implementation; Allocation methods; Free space management.

Secondary Storage Structure, Protection: Mass storage structures; Disk structure; Disk attachment; Disk scheduling; Disk management; Protection: Goals of protection, Principles of protection, Domain of protection, Access matrix.

Textbook 1: Chapter – 10 (10.1-10.5) ,11 (11.1-11.5),12 (12.1-12.5), 14 (14.1-14.4)